The adaptability of these tools allows them to perform more than one function, and. Laser beam machining or more broadly laser material processing deals with machining and material processing like heat treatment, alloying, cladding, sheet metal bending. Limitation and evaluation of laser beam machining systems available on the market. Laser beam machining how is laser beam machining abbreviated. Ion beam machining machine tool technology britannica. A wide variety of laser beam machine machine price options are available to you. Surface finish is better and kerf width is narrower than those for other thermal cutting processes. Laser beam machining lbm is one amongst the foremost widely used thermal energy based noncontact kind advance machining method which may be applied for nearly whole vary of materials. Laser stands for light amplification by stimulated. Control parameters optimization of laser beam machining. Abstract electron beam is generated in an electron beam gun. Dec 07, 2016 electron beam machining is a kind of machining process by using highvelocity electron beam.
Liquidassisted laser beam machining lalbm process is used as an alternative to existing laser beam machining lbm process to address the problems. Laser beam machining lbm is a thermal energy based advanced machining process in which the material is removed by i melting, ii vaporization, and iii chemical degradation chemical bonds are broken which causes the materials to degrade. Multiobjective optimization of laser beam machining. Pam is a method of cutting metal with a plasmaarc, or tungsten inertgasarc, torch. Recommended books 5 books, please buy anything from the below links to support the channel. Notes on electron beam machining ebm me mechanical.
Electron beam machining is required to be carried out in vacuum. In a vacuum chamber, a beam of highvelocity electrons is focused on a workpiece. In this process, a laser beam is focused for melting and vaporizing to. Parametric analysis of cutting parameters for laser beam. The laser beam machining was carried out on laser backwriting configuration 4. In ibm a stream of charged atoms ions of an inert gas, such as. Electron beam gun provides high velocity electrons over a very small spot size. School of industrial engineering, purdue university. Apr 14, 2020 a co2 laser is one of the more powerful types of laser used in laser beam machining.
Presentations ppt, key, pdf logging in or signing up. Laser beam welding is a welding process that uses a laser beam to melt and vaporize material. Electric discharge machining edm, wire edm, electron beam, laser beam, arc cutting chemical chemical etchants selectively using a mask remove a portion of a workpart chemical milling, blanking, engraving and photochemical machining 4 1. Nternational sciences and ngineering ol o eptember finite. Laser beam machining lbm, response surface methodology rsm, genetic algorithm ga, optimization.
Ebm can be used for very precise cutting or boring of a wide variety of metals. This video is a thorough demonstration on how to align a co2 laser beam and get the best out of the am. The ebm technique is used for cutting fine holes and slots in any material. It deals with the latest machining processes named as. Laser welding is by far the most efficient and fast welding technique ever. Laser beam machining can be used for cladding, cutting, welding and drilling. Foreword extremely thank you to purchase uses cnc lasers.
Laser cutting is mainly a thermal process in which a focused laser beam is used to melt material in a localised area. Other articles where plasma arc machining is discussed. The co2 laser technology is good for cutting, marking and engraving on various on nonmetal materials. A continuous cut is produced by moving the laser beam or workpiece under cnc control. It offers its competences from macro machining to micro and nanomachining of simpletocomplex shapes. Laser beam machining lbm is a non conventional machining manufacturing process, a form of machining, in which a laser is directed towards the work piece for machining. Lecture 37 introduction of laser beam machining process. May 31, 2018 laser beam machining lbm is one amongst the foremost widely used thermal energy based noncontact kind advance machining method which may be applied for nearly whole vary of materials. A coaxial gas jet is used to eject the molten material and create a kerf. Instead of a plotting pen, a laser beam is fired so that any shape can be cut out of a flat piece of plastic, wood, fabric, leather, etc.
The optimum values of control factors for minimum heat affected zone during laser cutting of duralumin sheet have been found as 7 kgcm2 of gas pressure, 1. Current research and development in laser beam machining. Lecture 37 introduction of laser beam machining process digimat. The kinetic energy of the electrons, upon striking the workpiece, changes to heat, which vaporizes. Electron beam machining process electron beam is generated in an electron beam gun. Laser beam machining, being a noncontact process, does not involve any mechanical cutting forces and tool wear. The preco flexpro cnc laser cutting system provides the speed of galvanometer processing with all the versatility of an xy motion system. How laser beam welding works laser beam welding process. The process of metal removal by electro chemical dissolution was known as long back as 1780 ad but it is only over the last couple of decades that this method has been used to advantage. Nptel, iit, lectures, courses, video, engineering, online. Like the video and subscribe to channel for more updates. The laser is light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, and laser beam machining is a nontraditional way of manufacturing. The tool uses mirrors that direct the proton laser beam to the desired cutting location.
Major applications of laser beam is in cutting of metals and non metals, soft. Nontraditional processes ntp nontraditional cutting. Salecnc laser carving cutter users manual salecnc byautomation maker hk ltd. Manufacturing process 3 the electron and laser beam processing also associates din 8590 by the funkenerosiven removal with thermal removing processes. Laser beam machining, laser beam hybrid machining, and.
These two machining processes use laser and electron beams as energy sources to introduce thermal energy to remove work material by melting andor vaporization. In order to meet these challenges, a number of newer material. Laser beam machining, multiobjective optimization, nondominated sorting genetic algorithm nsga. This process uses thermal energy to remove material from metallic or nonmetallic surfaces. Jan 06, 2015 electron beam machining process electron beam is generated in an electron beam gun. Other articles where ion beam machining is discussed. Nptel syllabus advanced machining processes video course course outline this course on advanced machining processes is also known as unconventional machining processes, modern machining processes, and new technology. Laser beam machining, or lbm, involves using laser beam technology to perform functions typically accomplished by conventional milling machines.
Introduction laser beam machining lbm is a novel thermal energy based advanced machining process which can be used for machining a wide range of materials. This chapter introduces two nontraditional machining processes. How laser beam welding works laser beam welding process laser beam welding setup. Cnc tube bending ghis tube bending is excellent for high quality, versatile and fast turnaround for your full production run or prototype projects. Laser stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. In ebm, electrons are accelerated to high velocity as half of the light speed, then it is impinged to. Here a steam of high speed electrons impinges on the work surface so that the kinetic energy of electrons is transferred to work producing intense heating. Nontraditional processes ntp nontraditional cutting processes.
This system offers large area processing with the tolerances found in small area processing systems. Laser beam machining lbm is one of the most widely used thermal energy based noncontact type advance machining process which can be applied for almost whole range of materials. Plasma arc machining machine tool technology britannica. Laser beam welding with diagram your article library. Mechanical energy processes ultrasonic machining usm.
Such processing is carried out utilizing the energy of coherent photons or laser beam, which is mostly converted into thermal energy upon. The construction and working principle of the electron beam gun would be discussed in the next section. Multiobjective optimization of laser beam machining process. Ebm and lbm are typically used with higher power density to machine materials. Nptel syllabus advanced manufacturing processes video course course outline the course covers the details of the advanced machining theory and practices, advanced machining processes. We offer the best options for the whole process, from material choice to laser cutting technologies, bending, welding and final treatment. By snapping together pieces and gluing or screwing parts together a full enclosure can. In fact, its a subtractive manufacturing process in which a laser beam is used for cutting through the metals and other materials for getting the desired product. The water provides a smoother interior wall surface and reduces the heat affected zone. Laser beam machining free download as powerpoint presentation. Laser beam machining lbm has proven its applications and advantages over almost all the range of engineering materials.
Nptel provides elearning through online web and video courses various streams. Laser beam machining an overview sciencedirect topics. Nov 05, 2014 laser beam machining used light energy from a laser to remove material by vaporization and ablation energy is concentrated optically laser emits either continuous or pulsed light beam 5 source. This process uses thermal energy to remove material from metallic or nonmetallic sur. A laser welding device amplifies an input of light producing an extremely narrow and intensive beam on the weld surface with deep penetration.
Otherwise the electrons would interact with the air molecules, thus they would loose their energy and cutting. In order to guarantee this product to be able the longterm normal. The type of lasers most often used include the carbon dioxide co2 and the neodymium doped. Laser beam machining is a thermal energy based cutting. About 6% of these are laser equipment parts, 2% are laser engraving machines, and 9% are laser marking machines. Lecture 10 molecular beam epitaxy by nptel iit madras.
Electronbeam machining is a kind of machining process by using highvelocity electron beam. These two machining processes use laser and electron beams as energy sources to introduce thermal energy to. Apr 26, 2018 the laser is light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, and laser beam machining is a nontraditional way of manufacturing. Current research and development in laser beam machining lbm. The high frequency of monochromatic light will fall on the surface then heating, melting and vaporizing of the. Control parameters optimization of laser beam machining using. The light produced is a coherent, monochromatic and collimated beam which can be focused to small spots of diameter of 0. Hence, it was realize to develop some nonconventional machining methods known as advanced machining processes. In lbm, surface roughness is one of important response which affects the quality characteristics of product. Laser cutting of tungsten alloy using nitrogen assist gas contributions in determination of technological characteristics of laser beam machining. If the beam is focused on a metal surface it can raise the temperature to melting. Laser beam machining is a thermal energybased advanced machining process in which material is removed by focusing the laser beam on the work surface at a constant distance to melt and vaporize the unwanted work material. The main advantages of laser beam machining are ease of automation for complex cutting patterns, absence of tool wear and.
Other articles where electronbeam machining is discussed. Cnc tube bending equipment at ghi laser manufacturing. Laser beam machining is a thermal energy based cutting process, which is executed by moving a focused laser beam on the surface of the workpiece with appropriate scanning speed. Lbm is one of the advanced machining processes which are used for shaping almost whole range of engineering materials. Electron beam machining ebm is a process where highvelocity electrons concentrated into a narrow beam are directed toward the work piece, creating heat and vaporizing the material.
Applications 1 processing of all kinds of materials like plastic,leather,cork etc. Laser beam is focussed for melting and vaporizing the unwanted material from the parent material. Paul,department of mechanical engineering, iit kharagpur. The mechanism of material removal is primarily by melting and rapid vaporisation. Even though laser cutters can only cut out of flat materials they are surprisingly versatile. Electronbeam machining ebm is a process where highvelocity electrons concentrated into a narrow beam are directed toward the work piece, creating heat and vaporizing the material. Laser beam machining used light energy from a laser to remove material by vaporization and ablation energy is concentrated optically laser emits either continuous or pulsed light beam 5 source. When operating in the wet mode, water is fed through the tube being processed to capture laser splatter. Laser beam machining lbm is one of the advanced machining processes which are used for shaping almost whole range of engineering materials. Depending upon the intensity of heating the workpiece can melt and vaporize. Laser beam machining, laser beam hybrid machining, and micro. In this research work, the effect of process parameters such as cutting speed. The torch produces a highvelocity jet of hightemperature ionized gas plasma that cuts by melting and displacing material from the workpiece. Laser beam machining is a modern processing that is mainly used for machining of all materials.
Yag laser reported in this thesis, following general conclusions have been drawn. Current research and development in laser beam machining \lbm\. Sharma, department of mechanical engineering, iit roorkee. It finds wide applications in various industries like space tech, automobiles, avionics, shipbuilding and many others manufacturing process. Orions 2014 candy cane ornament was manufactured from 3mm thick, red acrylite extruded acrylic to showcase the preco flexpro cnc laser. Here the lasing material is in the form of a solid ruby. Electron beam machining ebm laser beam machining lbm processes 2. These lasers can generate 400 to 1,500 watts of power, which can cut through 1inch 2. The laser beam focuses on an alumina target with an irradiance of 2. Advanced machining processes video course course outline there is a need for machine tools and processes which can accurately and easily machine the most difficultto machine materials and workpieces with intricate and accurate shapes. It is similar to the electron beam welding machine.
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